Crude Oil
Crude oil is the foundation of the global energy economy and the feedstock from which fuels, lubricants, petrochemicals and bitumen are produced. IFENERGY sources and supplies light, medium and heavy crude grades — both sweet and sour — to refineries, blenders and trading houses, always accompanied by an independent laboratory analysis and third-party quantity and quality inspection at the loading port.
01Understanding the grade: how crude is classified
By density (API gravity). Light crude above 31.1 °API yields more naphtha, gasoline and middle distillates and commands the highest refinery value. Medium crude sits between 22.3 and 31.1 °API. Heavy crude below 22.3 °API is richer in residue and is the preferred feedstock for bitumen and fuel-oil production.
By sulphur content. Sweet crude contains less than 0.5 % sulphur by weight and requires less hydrotreating; sour crude exceeds 0.5 % and demands additional desulphurisation capacity, which is reflected in its discount to the marker price.
By contaminants. Salt content, basic sediment and water (BS&W), total acid number (TAN) and asphaltene content determine corrosion risk, desalter load and blending limits. Every cargo we offer is accompanied by a full assay covering these parameters.
02Key Advantages
- Verified origin with full chain of custody documentation
- Independent SGS / Intertek quality and quantity inspection
- Flexible cargo sizes from part-cargo lots to full VLCC parcels
- Competitive pricing linked to Brent, WTI or Dubai markers
- Ship-to-ship transfer and tank storage arranged on request
03Applications
- Refinery feedstock for fuels and lubricants
- Petrochemical and aromatics production
- Bitumen and fuel-oil manufacture from heavy grades
- Blending operations for grade optimisation
- Strategic and commercial storage programmes
04Technical Features
- Full assay including distillation yield curve
- Certificate of Origin, Quality and Quantity for every parcel
- Q88 vessel questionnaire and SIRE-vetted tonnage
- Documentary letters of credit, SBLC or escrow accepted
- Nomination, laytime and demurrage handled by our chartering desk
05Typical Specification & Analysis
Indicative values — a batch-specific certificate of analysis is issued for every consignment.
| Parameter | Typical Value | Test Method |
|---|---|---|
| API gravity @ 60 °F | 28 – 42 °API | ASTM D287 / D1298 |
| Density @ 15 °C | 0.815 – 0.885 g/cm³ | ASTM D1298 |
| Total sulphur | 0.10 – 2.90 wt % | ASTM D4294 |
| Pour point | −30 to +15 °C | ASTM D97 |
| Kinematic viscosity @ 40 °C | 3 – 25 cSt | ASTM D445 |
| Water & sediment (BS&W) | ≤ 0.5 vol % | ASTM D4007 |
| Salt content | ≤ 10 PTB | ASTM D3230 |
| Reid vapour pressure | ≤ 11 psi | ASTM D323 |
| Total acid number | ≤ 0.5 mg KOH/g | ASTM D664 |
| Asphaltenes (n-C7) | 1 – 8 wt % | ASTM D6560 |
06Delivery & Shipping Options
We deliver worldwide under Incoterms 2020 (FOB, CFR, CIF, DAP), with full documentation, third-party inspection and flexible packing.
Ocean tankers
VLCC (2 M bbl), Suezmax (1 M bbl), Aframax (0.7 M bbl) and Handy parcels, chartered to match the buyer’s discharge port.
Pipeline & STS
In-line pipeline nominations at the load terminal, plus ship-to-ship transfer at approved anchorages.
Tank storage
Cargo can be held in bonded tank farms and released against warehouse receipts.
Incoterms & documents
FOB, CFR, CIF and DAP under Incoterms 2020, with B/L, COO, COQ, ullage and SGS reports.
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